A kidney scan, also known as a renal scan, is a specialized imaging test that evaluates kidney function and blood flow. It uses a small amount of radioactive material to create images, helping doctors diagnose kidney conditions. This painless procedure is useful in detecting various kidney-related issues, including blockages and reduced blood flow.

Why a Kidney Scan Is Important

Doctors recommend kidney scans for a variety of reasons, particularly when there are concerns about kidney function or blood supply. The scan helps in diagnosing conditions such as:

• Blocked or narrowed blood vessels in the kidneys
• Kidney disease affecting function
• Rejection of a transplanted kidney

By using a radioactive tracer, the scan highlights areas where the kidneys are working normally or abnormally. “Hot spots” indicate high tracer absorption, while “cold spots” may suggest damaged tissue.

Radioactive tracers are not the same as the contrast dyes that are often used for other types of imaging tests.

What to Expect During the Procedure

A kidney scan is generally quick and requires minimal preparation. Here’s what happens:

• You may be asked to drink water before the scan.
• A small amount of radioactive tracer is injected into a vein.
• You lie still while a scanner captures kidney images.
• Sometimes, medications are given to improve image accuracy.

The scan itself is painless, though some people may experience mild discomfort from the IV injection or from lying still. It is usually quick, but can take anywhere from 30 minutes to two hours. Results from the test help doctors determine whether further treatment is needed.

Safety and Aftercare

The amount of radioactive material used is very low and considered safe. Side effects are rare but can include:

• Mild discomfort at the injection site
• Allergic reactions (uncommon)
• Temporary metallic taste in the mouth

After the scan, drinking plenty of water helps flush the tracer from the body. Most people can return to normal activities immediately. If any redness or swelling develops at the IV site, medical attention may be needed.

Final Thoughts

A kidney scan provides valuable insight into kidney health and function. If your doctor recommends one, understanding the process can help ease any concerns. Be sure to ask any questions about the test, its benefits, and what the results mean for your health.

*Johns Hopkins Medicine. (n.d.). Kidney Scan. Retrieved from https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/treatment-tests-and-therapies/kidney-scan 

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