Kidney failure affects more than just internal organs—it can also cause noticeable changes in your skin. These changes can range from altered skin tone to unusual nail appearance. Understanding these symptoms can help with early detection and management of severe kidney-related issues. Learn more about which visible skin changes can signal declining kidney function.*

Skin Color Changes in Kidney Failure

One of the most visible effects of kidney failure is changes in skin color. According to the American Academy of Dermatology (AAD), the skin of people with kidney failure may appear:

• Grayish,
• Yellowish,  
• Paler or darker than their usual skin tone.

These changes result from the kidneys’ diminished ability to filter toxins and regulate essential substances in the body.

Research shows that 50% to 100% of people with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) have some form of visible skin changes. In some cases, these changes may even be the first sign of a renal issue, emphasizing the importance of paying attention to unusual skin discoloration.

Underlying Causes of Skin Changes

The causes of skin discoloration in kidney failure are complex and multifaceted. Key factors include:

• Toxin buildup. The kidneys’ inability to filter waste leads to an accumulation of toxins, which can affect skin pigmentation.
• Anemia. Reduced red blood cell production can cause pallor or a washed-out appearance.
• Melanin overproduction. Some individuals may experience increased melanin generation, resulting in a darker complexion.

Treatment for these symptoms varies depending on the cause. Common interventions include medications to stimulate red blood cell production, iron supplements, and protective measures such as using sunscreen and wearing protective clothing.

Other Skin and Nail Symptoms

Skin problems linked to kidney failure extend beyond discoloration. You may also notice:

• Dryness and itching. Your skin may become tight, scaly, rough, and/or persistently itchy.
• Thickened skin and bumps. Deep lines, bumps, and even cyst-like formations can develop.
• Nail changes. Your nails may become pale, half white and half red, or develop distinctive white bands.

Managing these symptoms typically involves intensive skin hydration. Doctors often recommend moisturizers with 5% to 10% urea concentration and emollient-based creams. Nail changes may improve after a kidney transplant, but specific treatments for these symptoms are limited.

While skin changes can be distressing, they are often indicators of deeper health issues like kidney failure. If you notice unusual skin or nail changes, consult your healthcare provider promptly for proper evaluation and treatment.

*Murnan, A. (2024, December 10). Does kidney failure change skin color? Medical News Today. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/kidney-failure-skin-color 

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