Protein is necessary for building muscle and maintaining the health and function of our bodies, but for people with chronic kidney disease (CKD), managing protein intake requires a delicate balance. As kidney function declines, the ability to process protein becomes more challenging, and understanding how much protein to consume becomes crucial. Here, renal dietitian Lauren Levy explains the nuances of protein intake from person to person, and offers valuable insights on how to customize protein for your kidney-friendly diet.* 

Personalizing Protein Intake for CKD

When managing CKD, your protein needs largely depend on your:

• Stage of CKD, 
• Individual health conditions and status, and
• Personal health goals. 

For example, Levy says, you might require moderate protein (approximately 0.8 oz. to 1 gram per kilogram of body weight) in the early to middle stages of the disease, but less (0.55 to 0.6 oz.) in later stages, or more if you choose to go on dialysis during kidney failure, to prevent malnutrition. 

Choosing Between Plant and Animal Protein

Protein sources also play a significant role in CKD management, Levy says, with an increasing focus on plant-based proteins due to their lower impact on kidney function. Animal proteins, she explains, while nutrient-dense, can overtax the kidneys due to their higher acid load and cholesterol content.

Plant proteins, on the other hand, are easier for the kidneys to break down, as they:

• Provide essential nutrients like fiber, and 
• Have a lower acid load. 

This doesn’t mean that you need to avoid animal proteins entirely, Levy says, but balance and moderation are key, for example combining a smaller portion of animal protein with plant-based foods to ease the processing burden.

Practical Tips for Right-Sizing Protein Portions

A significant challenge for many CKD patients is understanding portion sizes. Typical servings of meat, fish, and dairy in Western diets are often larger than what’s recommended for people who are focused on managing their kidney health. 

“We want to eat how much we need and no more,” Levy emphasizes. “It’s about right-sizing portions to meet our protein allowance.” Right-sizing protein portions can make a significant difference in reducing kidney stress without sacrificing nutrition. 

For instance, she says, a standard chicken breast may provide 52 grams of protein, far exceeding the needs of many CKD patients. A deck of cards or palm-sized portion (about 3 oz.) is a more appropriate serving. 

To create balanced, satisfying meals within your protein parameters, Levy suggests:

• Incorporating more vegetables and plant-based proteins, and
• Using measuring cups and visual portioning tools to help you manage your protein intake without feeling deprived

Takeaway

Managing protein intake is a cornerstone of nutrition for individuals with CKD. Whether it’s adjusting portions, choosing plant-based options, or personalizing protein needs based on CKD stages, a balanced approach can protect kidney function and support overall health. 

“Regardless of the stage of kidney disease, it’s essential to maintain good nutritional status,” Levy says. “We are more than just our kidneys—we are whole people with specific health needs.” 

*Responsum Health. (2024, August 12). Understanding Protein Needs in CKD | Free Webinar with Renal Nutrition Specialist Lauren Levy [Video file]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ut-NwW-ISn8 

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