Recent research has highlighted a troubling link between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and high temperatures, revealing that patients in hotter climates face significantly worse outcomes compared to those in more temperate regions. Published in The Lancet Planetary Health, this study controlled for various individual health factors and national income levels, making it a groundbreaking contribution to understanding the global impact of a warming climate on CKD.*

Impact of Heat on CKD Outcomes

CKD is an irreversible condition where the kidneys progressively deteriorate, ultimately requiring dialysis or a kidney transplant, both of which are life-saving yet expensive and impact the quality of life. In the recent study, researchers from University College London and the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine discovered that CKD patients in hotter countries experienced an additional 8% decline in kidney function each year. 

Senior author David Wheeler emphasized the gravity of the situation, noting that:

• About 10% of the global population suffers from CKD,
• The percentage is even higher in the United States, at approximately 14%, and
• Patients in hot countries are more likely to end up on dialysis or need a transplant.

Broader Implications and Preventive Measures

The study findings underscore the importance of understanding heat’s impact on CKD, especially as global temperatures continue to rise. Record-breaking temperatures have already been observed, exacerbating the health risks for CKD patients. Several factors contribute to the dangerous effects of extreme heat, including:

• The increasing longevity of heatwaves, 
• Early arrival of hot temperatures, 
• Lack of nighttime cooling relief, and 
• Abundant sunshine.

This rise in temperatures is directly linked to heat-trapping pollution from burning fossil fuels like coal, oil, and gas. Addressing this pollution is critical for mitigating the health impacts of heat on CKD patients, as well as the broader population.

Empowering Patients and Medical Professionals

According to the study authors, recognizing the link between extreme heat and CKD outcomes can empower patients and medical professionals alike to take proactive measures. These include: 

• Closely monitoring health conditions, 
• Staying hydrated, and 
• Minimizing outdoor activities during heatwaves. 

Additionally, advocating for and implementing minor lifestyle changes, such as altering transportation choices and diet, can contribute to reducing heat-trapping pollution and preventing deadly heat waves.

*Hammer, K. (2024, June 25). New study finds worrying relationship between chronic kidney disease and heat: ‘More likely to end up on dialysis’. The Cool Down. https://www.thecooldown.com/green-tech/chronic-kidney-disease-ckd-patients-hotter-climates-study/ 

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